<div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_extra"><div class="gmail_quote">On Mon, Feb 29, 2016 at 1:06 PM, Nick Badger <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:nbadger1@gmail.com" target="_blank">nbadger1@gmail.com</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div><div>Is the authorization step considered a direct interaction? I can't personally think of a way to do this privately unless the "authorization to create contact set intersection" step is ignored. Otherwise, best case scenario, an adversary wishing to discover the contacts list can just iterate across all known contacts, correct? If you have a single directory, that implies that the directory has the capability to unmask everyone's contacts.</div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Lots of questions! Maybe I can back up a bit.</div><div><br></div><div>When you say: "Is the authorization step considered a direct interaction?"</div><div><br></div><div>Do you mean: do Alice and Bob both need to be online at the same time for Alice to authorize Bob as a contact?</div><div><br></div><div>The answer is certainly no, and this is a pretty basic feature of most messaging systems: these authorization requests can happen asynchronously when either contact is online or offline. The request is made *to the directory*, as all users typically delegate contact management to the directory to keep contacts in sync across devices. That is to say: Bob asks the directory: "Can you ask Alice to authorize me as a contact?" When Alice is online, the directory will send her this request, which she can either approve or deny, which changes the directory's state.</div><div><br></div><div>Next: "If you have a single directory, that implies that the directory has the capability to unmask everyone's contacts."</div><div><br></div><div>Indeed, this is a first-class feature of a directory: it knows everyone's contacts, and needs this information to authorize viewers of the directory as to whose contact information they're allowed to view. But beyond that, directories are typically a rather horrific single-point-of-failure in pretty much every E2E encrypted messaging system out there: they advertise the public keys clients use to encrypt messages E2E, so they can be used to recover plaintexts, barring things like CONIKS helping prevent that. Beyond that though, even if the directory weren't implicated here, hiding contact information from the messaging system is extremely difficult, as typically this information is provided directly to the messaging system just to route the message, and even if you try to hide that as part of message delivery, they can still do traffic correlation.</div><div><br></div><div>The threat here certainly isn't hiding contacts from the directory (or by extension the overall messaging system). It's hiding them from everyone else...</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div><div> That being said, just because I can't think of one, doesn't mean one doesn't exist. That's also something you could potentially mitigate through an expensive one-way function like scrypt/argon2/etc. But now we're talking risk management and not provable security, if that's what you're going for.</div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>The thing I thought was somewhat attractive about this scheme (where you have to do some sort of O(m^n) operation on all contacts shared between users) was the sort of Metcalfe's Law-style explosion of potential combinations of contacts. In a system with a million users there are half-billion possible contact relationships between users.</div><div><br></div><div>Between that and a system with some sort of proof-of-work for validating contacts, it should be usable for the set intersection between two users case, but difficult for bulk-unmasking.</div><div><br></div></div>-- <br><div class="gmail_signature">Tony Arcieri<br></div>
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